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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">Hi all,</font></div>
<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">Just a reminder that our next call discussing Herodotus' Books 4 & 5 will take place on Monday, January 10, 2011. </font></div>
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<div align="left" style="padding-left:45px;margin-top:10px;text-align:left;"><font face="Palatino Linotype" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Palatino Linotype;font-size:11pt;color:#000000;">telephone: 201 793 9022 (local) or 1 888 350 0075 (toll free)</font></div>
<div align="left" style="padding-left:45px;margin-top:10px;text-align:left;"><font face="Palatino Linotype" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Palatino Linotype;font-size:11pt;color:#000000;">conference code: 1100494#</font></div>
<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Palatino Linotype" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Palatino Linotype;font-size:11pt;color:#000000;"> free Skype number: </font><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">9900827041100494</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">As always, feel free to email the group or blog a comment on our website if you like at:</font></div>
<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;"><a href="http://readingodyssey.posterous.com/" target="_blank">http://readingodyssey.posterous.com/</a></font></div>
<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">looking forward to our next call,</font></div>
<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Arial" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">Andre</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;"><u>Herodotus Discussion Questions – Books IV & V</u></font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">1. Greek coastal colonies on the Black Sea and northern Aegean may have had substantial contact with the Scythians during and prior to Herodotus’ time. His account (4.1-82) shows similarities and differences between Greeks and Scythians. What similarites struck you as particularly significant? What differences?</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">2. As invaders, the Persians are considered a formidable foe. In Book IV, how does Darius carry out the declaration of war against the Scythians? What is Darius really after? How do the Scythians and their neighbors prepare for the Persian invasion? What might Herodotus be foreshadowing with respect to the eventual Persian invasion of Greece?</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">3. What is the reason for Persia to invade Scythia? Libya? What does Persia stand to gain by invading Lybia? To what extent are Greeks on both sides involved in this invasion?</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">4. Given that Ionians were willingly helping Darius in his invasion of Scythia in Book IV, what are the conditions that lead to their revolt in Book V? What contrast between Greece and Persia might Herodotus be trying to point out in 4.144 when Megabazos subjugates the Hellespont? At what point in either Book IV or Book V would you say the spark of animosity is lit between Greece and Persia?</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">5. What does Herodotus reveal about the state of Greek city-state politics in Book V, especially between Sparta and Athens? What role does democracy play in relations between Greek city-states? What dilemma does Sparta find itself in regarding democracy? What do other Greek city-states think about the rise of democracy in Athens?</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">6. In earlier books, Herodotus included different female types. Do you see a pattern so far in the book in how Herodotus represents women in his narrative?</font></div>
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<div align="left" style="text-align:left;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="+0" color="#000000" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt;color:#000000;">7. What are your favorite stories, anecdotes or digressions from Books IV & V?</font></div>
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